离子辐照形成空心银纳米颗粒

离子辐照是控制金属纳米颗粒分布和结构的有效方法。将能量为200 keV、剂量为5×10^16ions/cm2的Ag＋注入到非晶SiO2中,形成Ag纳米颗粒层,再用能量为200和500 ke V的Ar＋辐照Ag纳米颗粒。Ar＋辐照后,在部分较大的Ag纳米颗粒中出现空洞,空洞的平均尺寸随着Ar＋辐照剂量的增加而变大。辐照前,Ag纳米颗粒在非晶SiO2中沿纵向呈近似高斯分布;辐照后,投影射程附近的较大的Ag纳米颗粒平均尺寸变大,而投影射程下面的小颗粒逐渐消失。结合Trim程序模拟分析结果可知,Ar＋辐照时的核能量损失和电子能量损失是影响Ag纳米颗粒尺寸分布和结构的重要因素。     

劳氏紫在DNA修饰的金电极上的电化学行为

使用循环伏安和交流阻抗技术研究了劳氏紫在纳米金和单双链DNA修饰的金电极表面的电化学行为．劳氏紫在纳米金和DNA修饰的金电极表面显示了良好的氧化还原电特性．纳米金在金电极表面的修饰改善了劳氏紫的氧化还原特性．循环伏安结果显示劳氏紫和双链DNA的作用比和单链DNA的作用更强,其结果使电位发生更大的正移并使氧化还原峰电流有所增大．劳氏紫和双链DNA的这种相互作用对于基因药物的设计有重要的意义．这种作用也被交流阻抗研究结果所证实．     

热氧化法合成ZnO纳米带及其光电特性研究

 应用低于锌熔点的低温金属固态热氧化的方法,并结合金催化作用,成功地在金属锌基底上自发生长出了氧化锌纳米带阵列。应用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,高分辩电子透射显微镜等技术对产物进行了观察研究。研究结果表明,金对纳米带形成具有明显的促进作用。合成的氧化锌纳米带的长度范围为6~14 μm,厚度约为40 nm,宽度范围为100~150 nm,其顶部没有发现明显的金颗粒。XRD结果表明纳米带晶体结构为六方结构的ZnO,合成的纳米带的相结构很接近于无催化剂合成的ZnO纳米线。高分辨透射电镜观察显示部分纳米带结晶良好。通过对生长的氧化锌纳米带进行的光致发光（PL）测试,表明在PL光谱中可以看到紫外区,绿光波段有两个主要的峰。     

功能性CdS纳米颗粒的制备与性质

以氯化镉和硫化钠为原料,巯基乙酸(CH2SHCOOH)为稳定剂,制备了发射波长在518~600 nm范围内连续可调的水溶性CdS纳米颗粒,分别以紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、红外光谱、粒度分析及扫描探针显微镜对所得样品的光谱性质、表面基团、粒度分布及形貌进行表征.结果表明,随着回流时间的延长,其紫外-可见吸收边及荧光发射峰红移;颗粒表面有羧基;样品分散性好,形貌呈球状.     

Influences of ultrasonic irradiation on the morphology and structure of nanoporous Co nanoparticles during chemical dealloying

The Co-61.8 wt% Al nanoparticles of 45 nm were prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction (HPMR) method. The nanoparticles display core shell structure with Al13Co4 and CoAl core and aluminum oxide shell (about 2 nm). Under ultrasonic irradiation, nanoporous fcc-Co nanoparticles were produced successfully by chemically dealloying the Co-Al nanoparticles at room temperature, whereas, without ultrasonic irradiation CoAl phase could hardly react with sodium hydroxide solution. At 323 K the Co-Al nanoparticles could be dealloyed to fcc-Co and hcp-Co phases even without ultrasonic irradiation. The surface area of the dealloyed nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation was larger than that of the dealloyed sample without ultrasonic irradiation at the same temperature. It is believed that the microjet and shock-wave induced by ultrasonic irradiation give rise to particles size reduction, interparticle collision and surface cleaning, and accelerate the dealloying process and the phase transformation.     

不同反应温度和原料对化学沉淀法制备纳米羟基磷灰石的影响

使用不同磷源与钙源制得纳米羟基磷灰石,并利用X射线衍射、红外光谱、透射电镜、热重分析等分析手段对产物进行表征,探究不同的反应温度、不同原料等实验条件对产物的组成、形貌及尺寸的影响。结果表明：升高温度有利于晶体生长;不同钙源对产物的影响不大,改变磷源对产物组成的影响较大;产物羟基磷灰石中的磷酸根会被磷酸氢根所取代,并且以磷酸氢二钠为原料时产物中磷酸氢根含量最高。     

酸性水热合成 CeO2纳米颗粒的光学和磁学性质

以CeCl3·7H2 O为铈源、NH3· H2 O为矿化剂、HCl为酸性调节剂,利用水热法成功制备了二氧化铈纳米颗粒．采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM ）、紫外‐可见分光光度计（UV‐Vis）、荧光分光光度计（PL ）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和振动样品磁强计（VSM ）等分析测试手段,对CeO2纳米颗粒的晶相、形貌、光学和磁学性质进行了表征．XRD测试结果表明样品的晶格参数略高于块状CeO2的,并随着pH值的增大而减小．所有样品的形貌均为球形．从紫外‐可见吸收光谱中,估计出的样品直接带隙值小于块状CeO2的,且此值随pH值的增加而增加．pH值为2时合成样品具有室温铁磁性,此性质的出现可能与Ce3＋和氧空位的存在有关．     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of electrochemically synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles

In this study, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via an electrochemical method. The effects of reaction parameters such as supporting electrolytes, solvent, current and electrolysis time on the shape and size of the resulting NPs were investigated. The Al₂O₃ NPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Moreover, the Al₂O₃ NPs were explored for photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) dye under sunlight irradiation via two processes: adsorption followed by photocatalysis; coupled adsorption and photocatalysis. The coupled process exhibited a higher photodegradation efficiency (45%) compared to adsorption followed by photocatalysis (32%). The obtained kinetic data was well fitted using a pseudo-first-order model for MG degradation.     

偶联剂修饰纳米磁性粒子红外光谱及相关分析

以三氯化铁水溶液作前驱体，采用部分还原沉淀法，通过控制一些影响反应的参数，制备纳米磁性粒子(magnetic nanoparticles，MNes)，并分别用Z-6020，Z-6030和Z-6040硅烷偶联剂对其进行表面修饰．利用红外光谱、古埃磁天平、可见光分光光度计等手段，对MNPs的表面包覆官能团、磁化率、稳定性等进行表征．红外光谱分析表明，选用不同的偶联剂修饰MNPs，可以在其表面包覆各种活性的有机基团，除都含有大量-OH之外，用Z-6020修饰的MNPs还含有-NH2和-NH；用Z-6030修饰的，还含有-C-O和-C-C；用Z-6040修饰的，还含有-C-O，-C-O-C和-C-OH．同时，用Z-6020修饰的MNPs磁化率最高，稳定性较差；用Z-6040的，磁化率次之，稳定性最好；用Z-6030的，磁化率最低，稳定性最差．     

Elaboration and Properties of Nanocomposite Structures Based on Crown Modified Platinum Nanoparticles

1 Results This paper presents the development of platinum nanocomposites structures based on organically modified c.a.2 nm core platinum nanoparticles.The chemical modification of the 4-mercaptoaniline functionalized particles by various in coming molecules is evidenced and precisely quantified.The particles can be dissolved like molecules in various solvents depending on the features of the new crown and X-rays shows that the interparticle distance is affected by the crown modification.These platinum n...